Edward goodbich a c h e s



EDWARD GOODR ICH ACHESON OF NEW YORK. N. Y.

SOAP COMPOSITION AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME.

No Drawing.

To 11 1 whom it lmiy (0156171711 l'lc it known that l. lflnwann (iUODlHCH Arni-isox, a citizen of the lhnteo f utes. re

siding at New ,Urli. in the county of New Lori: and State of flew York, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Soap Compositions and Processes of akin Name. of which the following is a specilr cation This invention is a novel soap composition omprising in addition to the fatty acid salts of the alkali metals, constituting the liodv ol" the soap or soap-stock. a certain admixture of clay particles which have an dergonc dcllocculation in :urcordancc with the processes disclosed in my prior United tates patents and now well understood by those skilled in this art. The invention comprises also the process ol. preparing the ahovc munposition. In the preferred emhodimcnt ol' the present, invention the clay particles which have undergone defioccuhr lion. and have been therelrv transformed to the permanently suspensible or colloidal state are re-floeeulated or converted into extremely minute and fragile but nevertheless lilteralili aggregates d! flocks before hein incorporated with the soap stocl rl.

For use in accordance with the lpr'esent invention I prefer to employ the not el clay product dcscrihed and elaimed inmy copending application Serial No. Li li] l4, tiled ()ctoher 5, 1920. A product oft ii. kind may he prepared as disclosed in the aid a'pplication or as follows: I

Fine clay preliminarily fl'ttl lllllll sand or grit, is suhjectcd to a process 0 l; attrition in a moist state and in presence (11' i dellocculating agent the latter pre'lcra; ly comprising such products as may hc' attracted from roasted starchy materials by th action of aqueous amniooiacal soluti ITlF. methylcucaminc solutions or the like. this: treatmcnt l' the lay may he perf ru d in accol'dtlncl' with toy prior Uniteo 'F' tates patcuts nuuilicred lfil lJlfil rename; Lil i-5.305 and li ll lfil'l,

The "ntirc product from the dctlocculatug innit rclcrrcd to in practiro as the mill ilHFltj hilll comprising a mixture ol nondcllorcnll-it or partially drll r ulatcd with l'ully ltll ntl h tcd parti le is transl'crrcd to an agitator 1 which it is llli. lt l with walcr and thorough stirred, and then e dis' charged into a lassil'ying dcv rc. 'prcFcral-ly a Dori thickener.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 5, 1920.

Patented June 20, 1922.

Serial No. 4.14.915.

The liner and lighter clllnent from the thickener comprises the fully detlocculated or permanently suspensihle (colloidal) particles resulting from the detlocculating operation. and also those particles whi h sailicicntl' approximate this con ition to remain suspended in the ater under the classify ing conditions. This eliluent is run into a settling tank prefcrahlr of wood. and recclvesasmalladditionol a llocculatiugagent (electrolyte) such for cnample as a mineral acid. alum. sodium chlorid or the like.

The whole of the solid material, includ ing that whichhas undergone deflocculation, is thcrehy prccipitatcdi and may he collect cd upon a vacuum filter. and il' desired further dried in an oven or othe appropriate drying apparatus. This material is that which I employ as a component ol my novel soap compositions. It is readily distinguish ahlc from the eomponents separated from clay. by ordinary method of levigation and washing. hcing not nly more minutely and evenly suhdirided. hut also it is believed more readily suhdivisildc into still liner particles. this latter charm-teristic being attrihutcd to the very delicate and extremely lraugihlc nature of the aggregates resulting from thc rc-llocculation step. lllicroscopically. thcsc appear to hc loosely coherent masses composed of extremely minute particles.

Tn my preferred procedure as described ahovc, the re-lloeculation takes place in pres once of residual non-defloeculated or only partially dcllocculatcd material, this resulting in a very intimate admixture of line particles :1 portion only of which have undcrgone lull deflocculation. It is however within the scope ol my invention to effect a snlistantially complctc separation hctwecn the fully dcllocculatcd and non-ilcl'locculatcd partirlm. as For xample lay permitting the latter to suhsidc from a suspension of the l'ormcr, drawing off the suspension and then rcprccipilating the dcilocculalcd suspension hy the addition of an clcctrotvtc as already lll'Ht'l'llltll. For most purposes however such a rcliuclncnt ol' the process is uniu-ccssary.

it is known that ordinary clay added to soap stock in proportion to constitute up to illl -ltl'i or ven more f the whole. tends to improve the d tergent and cleansing qualities ol the Mlllll. l have found however that ('lllillll added cll'ccls arc produ ed whcn the clay. or a portion of it, has passed tit) tude than those through the deflocculated state as a, treatment preparatory to its incorporation in the soap stock Notable among these effects are the tendency to the formation of smooth and unctuous films which persist until removed by rinsing; and the formation of relatively strong and permanent lathers. VVithout limiting the invention by any theoretical considerations I now attributethis latter cluiracteristic to the fact that my clay product, prepared as described herein, consistsor contains n large proportion of particles of such minute size that they are capable of being actually enclosed within or floated by the liquid films which constitute the bubble walls. It is Well known that the forces goyerning adhesion between solids and liquids, in cases where the solids are vetted by the liquids, are of a decidedly higher magnigoverning the cohesion of liquids; hence when readily wetted particles are introduced into'a bubbleforming liquid. and are of an order of magnitude to be enclosed within and carried by the walls of the bubbles, the resultant effect is to strengthen the bubble to the extent that the adhesive forces are superposed upon or comprising subjecting clay added to the cohesive forces. The clay particles in the lather prepared from the here indescribed soap-compositions are believed to be largely of this order of magnitude, but

us ulready stated my invention is not'.1'e-* stricted to such considerations of theory.

I claim:-

1. A soap-composition, comprising soapetock and a clay addition. the latter comprising particles reprecipitated Hocculated state 2. Process of making soup-composition, comprising subjecting clay to u deflocculat ing operation, whereby a portion of the same is transformed to the -i-olloidal state; then refioccnlating the colloidal clay, and incorporutin n the product with soap stock.

3. Process of making a soap-composition.

to a defiocculntmgr operation, whereby a portion of the same is transformed to the colloidal state; then reflocculatin the colloidal clay in presence of the residiial fine material, and incorporating the product with soap-stock.

In testimony whereof, I atfix my signature.

EDWARD GOODRICH ACHESON.

from the de-. 

